49 The Natural World
文本
████ 重点词汇
████ 难点词汇
████ 生僻词
████ 词组 & 惯用语
[学习本文需要基础词汇量：
[本次分析采用基础词汇量：
hello hello hi today we look at the
world around us especially places which
are very hot or very cold and we talked
to this man
an who has
experienced in
different parts of the world have you
ever been anywhere that was very hot or
very cold coldest places in
and I think it was 20
oh I lived in India for almost
three years and it was extremely hot
there the coldest would probably be
parts of northern Russia when it was -
26 - 27 it may not be cold for the
locals but it felt very cold indeed to
me the hottest place I've ever been to
is the deserts of and the
United States where it can get up to 40
quite often but it's
a dry heat and you don't feel it quite
so much
the hottest place I've ever been to is
India when I was there the temperature
was over 40 however I
did spend most of my time in
air-conditioned hotels the coldest place
I've ever been to is when I was
there it was 25 degrees
although it didn't feel cold because it
was and it wasn't and of
course there was central heating
everywhere that's the difference between
and don't
want to be too hot or too cold
whereas visit the hottest and
coldest and most dangerous places on
earth because they want to experience
the heat the cold and the danger that's
right
being very hot or very cold can be
exciting however not everyone would
agree it's freezing I can't put up with
this at all oh it's not as cold as last
year what I think is much colder than
last year no it isn't although I admit
the wind is a bit stronger come on let's
a swim yeah you must be joking the
water's like ice
it's know what it's a lot warmer than
last year come on I'm not a very good
of course you are you swim much
better than I do
no I do you're not enjoying this holiday
are you no not much hmm and I was
looking forward to coming here so much
listen again to these ways of comparing
weather conditions it's not as cold as
last year I think it's much colder than
last year much colder or here's another
way to compare it's a lot warmer than
last year
there are still professional
who travel to remote parts of the world
people who enjoy the experience of
and dangerous
conditions we're going to meet such a
person his name is
first of all talks about an
to the
in one of more than 40
he has made so how far has
he I believe that I've
about a million miles in my
career since 1976 and every single one
of them has been a great pleasure and a
interest to me last year I was
enough to be invited to join
an to cross the
in and it took me into
that I've never
encountered before
our journey was five and a half days
from start to finish and we had to carry
an of water to enable
us to survive it's a bit like carrying a
on your back it's that sort
of weight okay we got here that's about
36 now the decision we made
was to walk for two or three hours in
the morning and two or three hours in
the late afternoon and then rest through
the rest of the day of space
and what we did was to stretch
it between a rock surface and the desert
floor and then shelter it in
for the hottest part of the
day in that place nothing can survive we
walked through a great forest and one
associates trees with leaves and shade
and life and energy and all that was
left were the of the trees
just the simple branches it was an
and rather place what
an extraordinary place as said the
trees were like
all that was left were the of
the trees no leaves no shade no life no
energy the is the hottest
place that has visited he said that
it had that I've never
encountered before now Matt
tells us about a completely different
a trip down a river in
the problem is it's a river a
very fast-moving river one of the most
moments I think I've ever
had came when I was invited to join an
American and Indian team on the
River which is a
river it comes of the
it's extremely and
full of rocks and some stages you can
see no blue water at all it's completely
white and very very dangerous the
objective was to for 120 miles down
the river on a stretch of the river that
as far as we knew had never been
before and it began at a very remote
village right on the border of China and
India
we set off and for several days it would
be true to say that our was
almost completely out of control there's
a limit to the amount of
of a small when it's being
wave to wave
a river like the
now this river offers an extreme
environment in every sense it's
extremely cold because the water has
come from the
snows of and we knew from the
start that the freezing cold
conditions of the could give
us some serious problems now we were
extremely lucky on several occasions to
avoid being tipped out of the boat but
we all knew that eventually disaster
might strike and it was only a matter of
time as we bobbed our way down the river
often out of control that some
would occur well it did
we went into a wave which was far too
big for our brother after he survived
and I felt the extreme rush of
as the freezing cold water
bit into us and I was the
water as the boat went over I felt the
air being of my and as
I came out of the white water
into which we'd been I was
and completely
and then it was the
experience of being swept
completely out of control with our
down the River -
we knew not what fate
whew he really knows how to enjoy
himself and did you notice that he was
filming when he fell off the a very
dangerous and you can tell by
the way he described it the river was
extremely cold and extremely
the expedition was almost completely out
of control
we've heard Matt describe the journey
across the desert and the
but how does he compare the
dangers of the two there are
many differences between the desert and
the and forces of a
river the desert is not as
the river has a great deal of
noise there's the rushing of the water
there's the and of
great rocks perhaps the size of a house
as they are pushed the
surface of the river by the
force of the water but each place has
its own dangers and each place can be
life-threatening if things go wrong and
I think that's the thing
about extremes of environment that the
heat the the all-embracing
oven of the desert is just as dangerous
as the forces of a
river but to be in that environment is a
completely different experience and it
requires a completely different approach
both and in order to
survive
so which place was more dangerous the
desert or the whitewater river
Matt's opinion was this
each place has its own dangers the
desert is not as as the river
but the heat of the desert is just as
dangerous as the force of the river
well I suppose India isn't the hottest
place in the world after all and
isn't as cold as I thought it was and
on
isn't really that
goodbye
知识点
重点词汇
bare [beə(r)] adj. 空的；赤裸的，无遮蔽的 vt. 露出，使赤裸 n. (Bare)人名；(英)贝尔 {gk cet4 ky toefl ielts gre :3196}
physically [ˈfɪzɪkli] adv. 身体上，身体上地 {cet6 ielts :3243}
lungs ['lʌŋz] n. [解剖] 肺（lung的复数形式） { :3247}
blanket [ˈblæŋkɪt] n. 毛毯，毯子；毯状物，覆盖层 adj. 总括的，全体的；没有限制的 vt. 覆盖，掩盖；用毯覆盖 {gk cet4 ky toefl ielts :3306}
grip [grɪp] n. 紧握；柄；支配；握拍方式；拍柄绷带 vt. 紧握；夹紧 vi. 抓住 n. (Grip)人名；(英、瑞典)格里普 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :3376}
mentally [ˈmentəli] adv. 精神上，智力上；心理上 {gk :3531}
southwest [sauθ'west] n. 西南方 adj. 西南的 adv. 往西南；来自西南 {gk cet4 cet6 ky :3564}
sucked [sʌkt] v. 吸，吮；吸收；吞没（suck的过去分词） { :3618}
uncomfortable [ʌnˈkʌmftəbl] adj. 不舒服的；不安的 {gk cet4 cet6 ielts :3640}
travelers [t'rævlərz] n. 旅行支票( traveler的名词复数 ); 旅行信用卡; （常）出远门的人; 巡回推销员 {ielts :3795}
fascinating [ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ] adj. 迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的 v. 使…着迷；使…陶醉（fascinate的ing形式） {cet6 toefl ielts :3933}
Sweden ['swi:dn] n. 瑞典（欧洲国家） { :4021}
refrigerator [rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə(r)] n. 冰箱，冷藏库 {gk cet4 cet6 toefl :4133}
Mexico ['meksɪkəʊ] n. 墨西哥 {gk :4177}
zero [ˈzɪərəʊ] num. 零 n. 零点，零度 n. (Zero)人名；(意)泽罗 {zk gk ielts :4296}
expeditions [ekspɪ'dɪʃnz] n. 探险（expedition的复数）；远征 { :4361}
expedition [ˌekspəˈdɪʃn] n. 远征；探险队；迅速 {cet6 ky toefl ielts :4361}
plunged [plʌndʒd] 投入 跳进 使陷入 使投入（plunge的过去式和过去分词） { :4534}
fortunate [ˈfɔ:tʃənət] adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl :4680}
fantastic [fænˈtæstɪk] n. 古怪的人 adj. 奇异的；空想的；异想天开的；古怪的；极好的，极出色的；不可思议的；不切实际的 {zk gk cet6 ky toefl ielts :4747}
minus [ˈmaɪnəs] prep. 减，减去 n. 负号，减号；不足；负数 adj. 减的；负的 n. (Minus)人名；(英)米纳斯 {gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4789}
rubber [ˈrʌbə(r)] n. 橡胶；橡皮；合成橡胶；按摩师 adj. 橡胶制成的 vt. 涂橡胶于；用橡胶制造 vi. 扭转脖子看；好奇地引颈而望 n. (Rubber)人名；(西)鲁韦尔 {zk gk cet4 cet6 ky ielts :4791}
sunny [ˈsʌni] adj. 阳光充足的，和煦的；快活的；性情开朗的 {zk gk :4866}
frightening [ˈfraɪtnɪŋ] adj. 令人恐惧的；引起突然惊恐的 {toefl :5047}
gasping ['gɑ:spɪŋ] adj. 喘气的；痉挛的 v. 喘气；渴望（gasp的ing形式） { :5196}
underground [ˈʌndəgraʊnd] n. 地下；地铁；地道；地下组织；秘密活动；先锋派团体 adj. 地下的；秘密的；先锋派的 adv. 在地下；秘密地 {zk gk toefl ielts :5281}
grinding [ˈgraɪndɪŋ] adj. 磨的；刺耳的；令人难以忍受的 n. (Grinding)人名；(瑞典)格林丁 { :5372}
underneath [ˌʌndəˈni:θ] prep. 在…的下面；在…的形式下；在…的支配下 n. 下面；底部 adj. 下面的；底层的 adv. 在下面；在底下 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts :5554}
goodbye [ˌgʊdˈbaɪ] int. 再见 放弃 告别 {zk :5578}
terrifying ['terɪfaɪŋ] adj. 令人恐惧的；骇人的；极大的 v. 使害怕，使恐怖（terrify的现在分词） {toefl :5828}
skeletons [ˈskelitnz] n. 骷髅；[解剖] 骨骼（skeleton的复数）；流言（歌曲名） { :5954}
swirling [swɜ:lɪŋ] n. 漩涡；[流] 涡流 adj. 打旋的 v. 打旋；眩晕；使成漩涡（swirl的现在分词形式） { :6166}
matt [mæt] adj. 无光泽的；不光滑的 n. 无光表面；衬边 vt. 使…无光；把…熔炼为锍（等于matte） { :6261}
intimidating [ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪtɪŋ] adj. 吓人的 { :6635}
rafted [rɑːft] n. 筏；救生艇；（美）大量 vt. 筏运；制成筏 vi. 乘筏 n. (Raft)人名；(匈、瑞典)拉夫特 { :7376}
rafting [ˈrɑ:ftɪŋ] n. 筏运；[海洋] 成筏过程 v. 用筏运送（raft的ing形式） n. (Rafting)人名；(瑞典)拉夫廷 { :7376}
raft [rɑ:ft] n. 筏；救生艇；（美）大量 vt. 筏运；制成筏 vi. 乘筏 n. (Raft)人名；(匈、瑞典)拉夫特 {toefl ielts :7376}
savage [ˈsævɪdʒ] n. 未开化的人；粗鲁的人；残暴成性的人 adj. 野蛮的；残酷的；狂怒的；荒凉的 vt. 乱咬；粗暴的对待 n. (Savage)人名；(西)萨瓦赫；(英、德)萨维奇 {gk cet6 ky ielts gre :7623}
explorers [ɪk'splɔ:rəz] n. 探险家，勘探者( explorer的名词复数 ) { :7763}
explorer [ik'splɒ:rә] n. 探险家；勘探者；探测器；[医]探针 {gk toefl :7763}
swimmer [ˈswɪmə(r)] n. 游泳者 { :8151}
eerie [ˈɪəri] adj. 可怕的；怪异的 {gre :8199}
turbulent [ˈtɜ:bjələnt] adj. 骚乱的，混乱的；狂暴的；吵闹的；激流的，湍流的 {cet4 cet6 ky toefl ielts gre :8716}
rumbling [ˈrʌmblɪŋ] n. 隆隆声；辘辘声 v. 隆隆作响；喃喃地讲话（rumble的ing形式） { :8741}
windy [ˈwɪndi] adj. 多风的，有风的；腹胀的；吹牛的 {zk gk cet6 gre :8867}
traveling ['trævlɪŋ] adj. 旅行（用）的；移动的 v. 旅行（travel的现在分词形式） n. 走步（等于walking） {ielts :9505}
horrifying [ˈhɒrɪfaɪɪŋ] adj. 令人恐惧的；使人惊骇的 v. 令人恐惧；使人毛骨悚然（horrify的ing形式） { :9604}
downstream [ˌdaʊnˈstri:m] adj. 下游的；顺流的 adv. 下游地；顺流而下 { :10107}
adrenaline [ə'drenəlɪn] n. [生化] 肾上腺素 { :10433}
ferocious [fəˈrəʊʃəs] adj. 残忍的；惊人的 {toefl ielts gre :11205}
upside [ˈʌpsaɪd] n. 优势，上面 { :12789}
DICKINSON [ ] n. 迪金森（美国女诗人）；迪金森（姓氏） { :12885}
Helsinki ['helsiŋki] n. 赫尔辛基（芬兰首都） { :13021}
难点词汇
mishap [ˈmɪshæp] n. 灾祸；不幸事故；晦气 {toefl ielts :14062}
Himalayas [ˌhiməˈleiəz] n. 喜马拉雅山脉 { :15401}
kilograms ['kɪləgræm] n. [计量] 公斤，千克 {ielts :15873}
Tibet [ti'bet] n. 西藏（中国一自治区） {gk :16142}
disorientated [dɪsˈɔ:rɪənteɪtid] adj. 不知所措的；迷失方向的 v. 使失去方向（disorientate的过去式和过去分词） { :20494}
traveled ['trævld] adj. 富有旅行经验的；旅客多的；旅客使用的 v. 旅行（travel的过去分词） { :22076}
madras [məˈdræs] n. 马德拉斯棉布（一种薄棉布可做衬衫、窗帘等） { :22347}
midwinter [ˌmɪdˈwɪntə(r)] n. 仲冬；冬至；冬至期 adj. 仲冬的；像仲冬的 { :22636}
maneuverability [məˌnu:vərə'bɪlɪtɪ] n. 可操作性；[航][车辆][船] 机动性 { :23954}
centigrade [ˈsentɪgreɪd] adj. 摄氏的；[仪] 摄氏温度的；百分度的 {gk cet4 cet6 ky toefl gre :27004}
celsius ['selsiәs] n. 摄氏度 adj. 摄氏的 {toefl :30514}
aridity [ə'rɪdətɪ] n. 干旱；乏味 { :33318}
meltwater ['meltˌwɔ:tə] n. 冰雪融化成的水；熔融液 { :34578}
生僻词
Brahmaputra [,brɑ:mә'pu:trә] n. 雅鲁藏布江(发源于西藏)
namib [ ] [地名] [纳米比亚] 纳米布
whitewater ['waɪtˌwɔ:tə] n. <美>急流，湍流
词组
below zero [ ] un. 零度以下 [网络] 零下；低于零；低于零度
crash out [kræʃ aut] [网络] 撞毁；越狱；非常劳累或醉酒而睡
degree Celsius [ ] n. 摄氏温标 [网络] 摄氏度；摄氏温度；摄度
degree centigrade [diˈɡri: ˈsentiɡreid] un. 摄氏度数 [网络] 摄氏温度度数；百分度；百分度参考例句
degrees Celsius [ ] [网络] 摄氏度；摄氏温标；摄氏三十度
degrees centigrade [ ] un. 摄氏度数 [网络] 温度是摄氏五度；摄氏度的温度；摄氏温度计
enormous quantity [ ] un. 巨大数量 [网络] 巨大的数量
extreme of heat [ ] 《英汉医学词典》extreme of heat 极热
extreme temperature [ ] un. 极端温度 [网络] 极端气温；极限温度；极端操作温度
gasp for [ ] [网络] 渴望；喘；喘气
gasp for breath [ ] v. 喘息 [网络] 上气不接下气；喘不过气来；喘气
go for a swim [ ] [网络] 去游泳
in the grip of [ ] un. 控制自己的情绪；被捏在…里；在…控制之下；患了 [网络] 受……控制；处于；受…的控制
London Underground [ ] [网络] 伦敦地铁；伦敦地下铁；伦敦地铁公司
Namib Desert [ ] [网络] 纳米布沙漠；纳米比沙漠；纳米沙漠
New Mexico [nju: 'meksikәu] n. 【城】新墨西哥州 [网络] 美国新墨西哥州；新墨西哥辣椒；新墨西哥级
plunge into [ ] v. 投入；跳进 [网络] 跳入；纵身投入，跳入；投身于
quantity of [ˈkwɔntiti ɔv] [网络] 大量的；流量；数量
quantity of water [ ] un. 水量 [网络] 取水量
rubber raft [ˈrʌbə rɑ:ft] 橡皮筏
southwest africa [ ] 西南非
suck out [sʌk aut] v. 吸出 [网络] 抽出；吸干
the london underground [ ] [网络] 伦敦地下文化；伦敦的地铁系统；伦敦地下社会
the shade [ ] 幽灵
toss from [ ] 因…而滚动
upside down [ˈʌpˌsaɪd daun] adv. 颠倒；倒转；翻转 [网络] 颠倒世界；逆世界；上下颠倒
单词释义末尾数字为词频顺序
zk/中考 gk/中考 ky/考研 cet4/四级 cet6/六级 ielts/雅思 toefl/托福 gre/GRE
* 词汇量测试建议用 testyourvocab.com